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Sightseeing time: 3 h. The Arbat is a true symbol of old Moscow. Pushkin, Esenin, Okudzhava walked on its pavement. Its houses and streets are the Moscow history.Its name is first mentioned in the city chronicles of 1493. In that year the whole city was engulfed in a terrible fire, sparked by a candle in the Church of St. Nicholas in Peski, which was situated on the Arbat. This disaster led to the well-known saying: «A penny candle razed Moscow to the ground». It is far from certain where the famous name Arbat comes from. It might be from the Slavonic root «gorbat» (humpy) which at that time meant «hilly ground». The word is sometimes linked with the Arabic word «arbad» meaning «suburb» for in the 15th century only the Kremlin itself was regarded as the city proper. In those days the Arbat was the place where caravans with goods from the East stood. An Arabic word could well have been assimilated into the local tongue. Initially there were many slobodas in the Arbat. The word sloboda meant a settlement exempted from certain obligations to the State. However, from the second half of 18th century the Arbat became the most aristocratic quarter of the city, just like Prechistenka. It was often described as the St. Germain of Moscow, and the Muscovite intelligentsia settled in this area. There have never been any factories here, or any workers' huts, and there were no taverns or bazaars. Muscovites used to say: «For money, go to Zamoskvorechye, for a career, go to St. Petersburg, but for knowledge and memories, go to the Arbat». Today during your pedestrian walk you can buy different Russian souvenirs, visit numerous cozy cafes, restaurants and small shops.
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